Vaccines and Immunology

Mucosal Immunity and Alternative Vaccine Routes

Mucosal vaccination targets primary pathogen entry sites, offering localized and systemic protection. Induction of secretory IgA enhances frontline immune defense at respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urogenital surfaces. Activation of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) improves antigen uptake and immune surveillance. Development of tissue-resident memory immune cells supports long-term localized immunity. These strategies reduce transmission, improve compliance, and strengthen barrier immunity through non-invasive delivery approaches.

Mucosal Defense:

• Secretory Immunity
• Local Memory
• Non-Invasive Routes